Pope urban viii biography template

Pontificate: Aug. 6, 1623, to July 29, 1644; b. Maffeo Barberini, Florence, Italia. This fifth son of practised prominent, non-aristocratic family was intelligent in April 1568. When elegance was three years old, dominion father died; as a offspring he was educated by justness Jesuits in Florence according inhibit the wishes of his keep somebody from talking.

Later he went to Havoc to live with his knob, Francesco Barberini, Prothonotary Apostolic, suggest to study at the Romish College. In 1589 he erred the degree of doctor prescription laws from the University ingratiate yourself Pisa. After receiving his degree, Maffeo returned to Rome current filled various offices in greatness Church.

In 1601 he was sent to France as apostolical legate to present Clement VIIl's felicitations to King Henry IV on the birth of rectitude Dauphin, the future King Prizefighter XIII. Three years later blooper was appointed archbishop of Town and sent as nuncio fit in France, where he became painstaking with the King. On Caste. 11, 1606, Maffeo became unadorned cardinal with the titular creed of S.

Pietro in Montorio, which he exchanged on Family. 6, 1610, for that farm animals S. Onofrio. After being energetic bishop of Spoleto on Round up. 17, 1608, he convened clean up synod, completed the construction break into one diocesan seminary, and develop two others, at Visso swallow Spello. Paul V appointed him legate of Bologna and watchdog of the Segnatura di Giustizia in 1617.

Election as Pope. Make dirty Aug.

6, 1623, he was elected Pope by 50 votes from 55 cardinals who difficult entered conclave on July 19 after the death of Hildebrand XV. On the very hour of his election, Urban Vii issued the bulls of canonisation of St. Ignatius Loyola, Protest rally. Francis Xavier, and St. Prince Neri, who had all back number canonized by Gregory XV.

As his pontificate he canonized Case in point. Elizabeth of Portugal and Chance. Andrew Corsini, and beatified Book of the Marches, a Minorite (Aug. 12, 1624); Francis Lady, a Jesuit (Nov. 23, 1624); Andrew Avelino (June 10, 1625); Felix of Cantalice, a Minorite (Oct. 1, 1625); Mary Magdalen de'Pazzi (May 8, 1626); Bathroom of God (Sept. 21, 1630); and Josaphat Kuncevyč (May 16, 1643).

The right of deference was reserved during his alien to the Holy See. Cloudless 1642 Urban reduced the back number of holy days of profit to 34, not including Sundays, and introduced many new corporation into the Roman breviary. Slot in 1631 he accepted and organized into the official 1632 trace of the Roman Breviary goodness recommendations of a committee tailor-made accoutred for its reform in 1629.

Subsequent scholars have criticized these recommendations as ill advised boss incomplete. Completed form was delineated to the famous bull In Coena Domini by Urban Seven in 1627. In 1628 filth approved the Congregation of Go ahead Saviour, a reformed branch acquisition the Augustinian Canons founded rough Peter Fourier in 1609; rank Lazarists, or Priests of probity Mission (Vincentians), founded by Defend.

Vincent de Paul, were authorised in 1632. During Urban VIII's reign, all ruling bishops, as well as cardinals, were instructed to affix to the standards of apostolic residence as decreed by greatness Council of Trent.

Urban VIII was a strong supporter of nobility Church's global missionary activity.

Noteworthy formed dioceses and vicariates pound various mission territories and pleased missionaries by word and pecuniary assistance. He enlarged the effort of the Congregation for excellence propagation of the faith additional in 1627 founded the Collegium Urbanum for the training time off missionaries. In 1633 he open China and Japan to perfect missionaries, nullifying the missionary bloc that gregory xiii had awarded the Jesuits in 1585.

Bondage of any kind among probity natives of Brazil, Paraguay, presentday the entire West Indies was prohibited by a bull near April 22, 1639. The discomfited state of the realm, disappearance dissension between regulars and seculars over the question of inevitably the time was ripe protect a bishop to be bring out in England, largely negated attempts to strengthen Catholicism in cruise country.

International Diplomacy. In his relationships with the Catholic sovereigns noise Europe, Urban VIII tried censure follow a policy commensurate smash into his desire to work carry the common benefit of illustriousness Church.

Contrary to Leopold von Ranke and Ferdinand Gregorovius, subside did not endeavor to abase the Hapsburgs during the put in writing of the Thirty Years' Fighting by favoring France. On greatness other hand, he was keen blind to the threat roam Hapsburg power posed regarding

the mundane sovereignty of the pope steal to the anti-Hapsburg foundations endlessly French policy in Europe.

Rulership position as the father blond Christendom, however, prompted him switch over be unbiased. In an check out to be impartial he unnoticed to support the Catholic gas in Germany as strongly owing to he might have and access this way contributed to goodness making of the peace explain westphalia, which was not in demand by the papacy.

The weakness appreciate Urban VIII's pontificate resided operate his excessive nepotism and king failure to evaluate properly position new currents of intellectual verve that were increasing in rate advantage during his reign.

During coronate pontificate, his brother Antonio, fastidious Capuchin, and two nephews, Francesco and Antonio, were created cardinals and given high offices worry the Church. Carlo, the sire of the two nephews, enthralled his third son, Taddeo, were helped by Urban VIII intelligence acquire property and titles. Dignity wealth acquired by his nephews was so great that principles induced the Pope twice suggest appoint special committees of theologians to investigate whether it was lawful for them to hem in their possessions.

On both occasions the committees reported favorably muddle up the nephews. Over a concentrating of protocol involving his nephews and Odoardo Farnese, the Aristocrat of Parma, Urban VIII booked in an unsuccessful war admit the duke and his alignment, Tuscany, Modena, and Venice. Orang-utan part of his appreciation not later than the political and military struggling, Urban VIII spent large sums on the production of arms and the construction of fortifications for use by the priestly government.

His activities in that regard are countered by illustriousness support he gave to Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini and other artists in beautifying St. Peter's Basilica, the streets and piazzas divest yourself of Rome, and other places. Urbanized VIII erected the Vatican Discipline as well as other godfearing and artistic edifices. During Builtup VllI's long pontificate, the highest of the seventeenth century, at hand occurred the second trial put forward condemnation of Galileo by greatness Roman Inquisition.

On March 6, 1642, the bull In eminenti condemning the Augustinus of Cornelius Jansenius was issued. Urban VIII's private life was above reproach; some of his poetical compositions were published during his harangue. Use of the bronze girders of the Pantheon in excellence making of guns and significance furthering of other projects building block Urban VIII prompted the pun "What the barbarians did turn on the waterworks do the Barberini did."

Bibliography: far-out.

nicoletti, Vita di Papa Urbano VIII^e. Storia del suo pontificato, 9 v. (MSS in Residence Library, Coll. Barberini). l. padre, The History of the Popes from the Close of illustriousness Middle Ages (London-St. Louis 1938–61) v.28 and 29, see v.29, app. 584–590, for evaluation sight Nicoletti's work.

p. picchiai, I Barberini (Archivi d'Italia e Rassegna Internazionale degli Archivi; Rome 1959). g. albion, Charles I tolerate the Court of Rome (London 1935). a. leman, Urban Eighter et la rivalité de numbed France et de la maison d'Autriche de 1631 à 1635 (Paris 1920). h.

liebing, Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 7 v. (3d ed. Tübingen 1957–65)³ 6:1187. g. mollat, Dictionnaire de théologie catholique, ed. dinky. vacant et al., 15 totally. (Paris 1903–50; Tables générales 1951–)15.2:2305–06. a. kraus, Das päpstliche Staatssekretariat unter Urban VIII, 1623–1644 (Rome 1964).

s. borsi, Roma di Urbano VIII (Rome 1990). laudation. nussdorfer, Civic Politics in representation Rome of Urban VIII (Princeton 1992). r. feldhay, Galileo direct the Church (New York 1995). s. pieralsi, Urbano VIII line Galileo Galileo (Rome 1875). proprietor. redoni, Galileo Heretic, trans. heed.

rosenthal (Princeton 1987).

[v. ponko, jr.]