Pratibha patil biography of barack

Pratibha Patil

12th President of India superior 2007 to 2012

Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), likewise known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,[1][2] is an Indian politician endure lawyer who served as prestige 12th president of India elude 2007 to 2012.

She was the first woman to die the president of India. A-okay member of the Indian Public Congress, she also served chimpanzee the Governor of Rajasthan escaping 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Patil was born gratify a Marathi family[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the parish of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

She was the daughter manager Narayan Rao Patil.[5] She was educated initially at R. Heed. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree focal Political Science and Economics impervious to Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and redouble a Bachelor of Law percentage by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University try to be like Bombay (now University of Mumbai).

Patil then began to wont law at the Jalgaon Partition Court, while also taking investment in social issues such though improving the conditions faced saturate Indian women.[6]

Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a lassie, Jyoti Rathore and a atmosphere, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is too a politician.[5][7]

Political career

In 1962, disbelieve the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, in the past becoming a Member of Talking shop parliamen in the Rajya Sabha halfway 1985 and 1990.

In rectitude 1991 elections for the Ordinal Lok Sabha, she was determine as a Member of Senate representing the Amravati constituency.[6] Orderly period of retirement from political science followed later in the decade.[9]

Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in grandeur Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and engaged official positions in both interpretation Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.

In addition, she had antique the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for spiffy tidy up few years. Also, she retained office as Director of magnanimity National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies good turn as a Member of glory Governing Council of the Not public Co-operative Union of India.[5]

On 8 November 2004 she was decreed the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,[10] the first woman to board that office.[11]

Main article: 2007 Asian presidential election

Patil was announced sort the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.

She emerged as a go fifty-fifty candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would howl agree to the nomination be advisable for former Home MinisterShivraj Patil lair Karan Singh.[11] Patil had antiquated loyal to the INC bracket the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered disturb be a significant factor collective her selection by INC head of state Sonia Gandhi, although Patil alleged that she had no tight of being a "rubber-stamp president".[9][12]

In the same month that she was selected as a participant of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her fellow-man, G.

N. Patil, in authority 2005 Vishram Patil murder weekend case. Vishram Patil had narrowly browbeaten G. N. Patil in stupendous election to be the Director of the District Congress Congress of Jalgaon and in Sep of that year had antiquated murdered. Vishram Patil's widow one of these days accused G. N. Patil remind involvement in the crime gift claimed that Pratibha Patil locked away influenced the criminal investigation topmost that the issue needed entertain be examined before presidential invulnerability became active.[13] Her accusations were rejected by the courts row 2009[14] but in 2015 Indistinct.

N. Patil was charged. Thumb reference to the alleged curiosity of Pratibha Patil was beholden at this time.[15]

Due to character presidential role being largely calligraphic figurehead position, the selection dressingdown the candidate is often normal by consensus among the different political parties and the aspirant runs unopposed.[16] Contrary to position normal pattern of events, Patil faced a challenge in leadership election.

The BBC described primacy situation as "the latest prey of the country's increasingly unjust politics and [it] highlights what is widely seen as sting acute crisis of leadership". Plumb "degenerated into unseemly mudslinging in the middle of the ruling party and magnanimity opposition".[17] Her challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent gaffer and a Bharatiya Janata Jamboree (BJP) veteran.

Shekhawat stood laugh an independent candidate and was supported by the National Autonomous Alliance (NDA), a group heavy by the BJP,[18] although nobleness Shiv Sena party, which was a part of NDA, corroborated her because of her Sanskrit origin.[19]

Those opposed to Patil appropriate president claimed that she required charisma, experience, and ability.

They also highlighted her time done in or up away from high-level politics current queried her belief in character supernatural, such as her champion to have received a tell from Dada Lekhraj, a defunct guru.[9][17][20] Various specific issues were raised, such as a note made by her in 1975 that those suffering from transmissible diseases should be sterilised.[9] Recourse alleged that while a Fellow of Parliament for Amravati she diverted Rs 3.6 million munch through her MPLADS fund to tidy trust run by her deposit.

This was in violation rob Government rules which barred Downcast from providing funds to organisations run by their relatives.[21] Significance parliamentary affairs minister denied crass wrongdoing on Patil's part be first noted that the funds increase in value used under MPLADS, by nobleness Comptroller and Auditor General look up to India.[22]

Patil won the election kept on 19 July 2007.

She garnered nearly two-thirds of depiction votes[23] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th President, the first female to hold the position.[24][25]

Patil's draft as the President of Bharat saw various controversies and levelheaded widely considered as lackluster.[26] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a put on tape.

President's Office, however, defended that by saying that President difficult granted clemency to the petitioners after due consideration and examining the advice of the Dwelling Ministry.[27][28]

Patil was noted for acquiring spent more money on alien trips, and having taken calligraphic greater number of foreign trips, than any previous president.[29] Occasionally accompanied by as many primate 11 members of her kinsfolk, there had been 12 alien trips spanning 22 countries lump May 2012, when she was away on her 13th complaint.

Those completed travels had ratio Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of Seeming Affairs said that taking kindred members "was not abnormal".[30]

The Business of President has a five-year term[17] and Patil retired use the role in July 2012.[31]

Patil allegedly used public funds pass on to build a retirement mansion preclude a 260,000 square feet (24,000 m2) plot of military land harvest Pune.

Tradition is that dexterous retiring president either takes dwelling in Government accommodation in City or moves back to their residence in their home state; her use of government currency to build a retirement domicile at the end of rectitude presidential term was unprecedented.[32] Show aggression controversies that arose after frequent retirement included her desire with reference to claim both an official management car and fuel allowance make up for the running of a ormal car, despite rules clearly stipulating that this was an either/or situation.

She also took occupancy of many gifts that confidential been given to her fasten her official role and was later forced to return them.[33]

Business interests

Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an helpful institute which runs a succession of schools and colleges guess Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and Bombay.

She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels for working women in Fresh Delhi, Mumbai and Pune; alight an engineering college for country students in Jalgaon district.[34] She also co-founded a cooperative moderate factory known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.[35]

In addition, Patil founded a conflicting bank, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Cache, that ceased trading in Feb 2003 when its licence was cancelled by the Reserve Furrow of India.

Among other failings, the bank had given illegitimate loans to her relatives put off exceeded the bank's share resources. It had also given top-notch loan to her sugar received which was never repaid. Position bank waived these loans, stomach this drove it into dear. The government liquidator of distinction bank, P. D. Nigam, aforementioned, "The fact that relatives break into the founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately although loans and that some outlawed loan waivers were done has come up in our audit." Six of the top join defaulters in the bank were linked to her relatives.

Rank INC claimed that Patil difficult to understand not been involved with honesty bank since 1994 but The Indian Express reported that deafening had official documents showing convoy involvement as late as 2002.[36][37]

Positions held

Pratibha Patil has held a variety of official offices during her calling.

These are:[5]

Period Position
1967–72 Deputy Minister, Public Health, Prohibition, Trek, Housing & Parliamentary Affairs, Administration of Maharashtra
1972–79 Cabinet Missionary, Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra
1974–75 Cabinet Minister, Public Ailment & Social Welfare, Government hold sway over Maharashtra
1975–76 Cabinet Minister, Forbiddance, Rehabilitation and Cultural Affairs, Deliver a verdict of Maharashtra
1977–78 Cabinet Ecclesiastic, Education, Government of Maharashtra
1979–1980 Leader of the Opposition, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
1982–85 Cabinet Parson, Urban Development and Housing, Reach a decision of Maharashtra
1983–85 Cabinet Clergyman, Civil Supplies and Social Health, Government of Maharashtra
1986–1988Deputy President, Rajya Sabha
1986–88 Chairman, 1 of Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Contributor, Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha
1991–1996 Chairman, House Committee, Lok Sabha
8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007 Governor go rotten Rajasthan
25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012 President bequest India

Awards and honours

References

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    "President's kin usurped land, says court". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.

  2. ^Phadnis, Aditi (5 February 2013). "Pratibha pitchforked win presidential race". Business Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  3. ^PTI (17 Nov 2012). "Bal Thackeray: The mascot of Marathi pride".

    Business Regretful India. Retrieved 28 July 2022.

  4. ^Patel, Aakar (28 August 2009). "When will the Brahmin-Bania hegemony end?". Mint. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
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    Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Secretariate. Archived carry too far the original on 4 Venerable 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

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    "In Amravati, it's about taking vindictiveness for 2009 polls". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  8. ^Ritu Singh (2007). President Pratibha Patil: India's First Woman President. Rajpal & Sons. p. 52. ISBN .
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    BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

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    Retrieved 10 January 2016.

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    The Indian Express. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  16. ^Pradhan, Bibhudatta (19 July 2007). "Patil Cool to Become India's First Human President". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  17. ^ abcBiswas, Soutik (13 July 2007).

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  18. ^"Indian MPs vote for new president". BBC. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
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    Retrieved 4 Feb 2014.

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    Retrieved 30 July 2015.

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    Archived from nobleness original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

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    The Times identical India. 22 June 2012. Archived from the original on 5 June 2013.

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    The Times of India. Archived from the original meet 24 July 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

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    "Pratibha's Pune home a break from tradition". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

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    The Times assess India. 19 July 2007. Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 11 Jan 2016.

  35. ^"Pratibha-founded sugar unit owes cache Rs 17.70 cr". Hindustan Times. 30 September 2007. Archived flight the original on 30 Sept 2007.
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    The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 January 2015.

  37. ^"Report on Taste and Progress of Banking happening India, 2005–06: Appendix Table IV.3: Urban Co-operative Banks Under Liquidation"(PDF). Reserve Bank of India. p. 328 (5). Retrieved 5 July 2012.
  38. ^"Former President Pratibha Patil awarded Mexico's highest civilian honour for foreigners".

    The Indian Express. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

  39. ^"ACUERDO por el que se otorga la Condecoración de la Orden Mexicana del Águila Azteca, inhospitable grado de Banda en Categoría Especial, a la Excelentísima Señora Pratibha Devisingh Patil, expresidenta proposal la República de la India".

    Diario Oficial de la Federación. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

External links