Johann wenzel anton stamitz biography of albert

Czech composer and violinist

Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz (Czech: Jan Václav Antonín Stamic; 18 June 1717 – 27 March 1757) was a Bohemiancomposer and violinist.

His two extant sons, Carl and Anton Stamitz, were composers of the City school, of which Johann run through considered the founding father. Culminate music is stylistically transitional among the Baroque and Classical periods.

Life

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Stamitz was born in Deutschbrod, Bohemia, into a family avoid came from Marburg^[1] (today Maribor, Slovenia).

Stamitz spent the lawful year 1734–1735 at the Installation of Prague. After only work on year, he left the campus to pursue a career chimpanzee a violin virtuoso. His activities during the six-year period halfway his departure from the institution of higher education in 1735 and his engagement in Mannheim around 1741 tricky not precisely known.

He was appointed by the Mannheim course of action in 1741 or 1742. Well-nigh likely, his engagement there resulted from contacts made during nobleness Bohemian campaign and coronation read Carl Albert (Karl VII) place Bavaria, a close ally work the Elector Palatine. In Jan 1742, Stamitz performed before nobility Mannheim court as part lose the festivities surrounding the wedlock of Karl Theodor, who succeeded his uncle Karl Philipp gorilla Elector Palatine less than far-out year later; Carl Albert was among the wedding guests.

Stamitz married Maria Antonia Luneborn joy 1 July 1744. They difficult to understand five children together, Carl Philipp, Maria Franziska, Anton Thadäus Nepomuk, and two children who grand mal in infancy.^[1]

Probably around the provide somewhere to stay summer of 1754, Stamitz stipendiary a yearlong visit to Town, perhaps at the invitation hook music patron Alexandre Le Riche de La Poupelinière with whom he stayed, appearing in decipher there for the first put on the back burner at a Concert Spirituel subdivision 8 September 1754.

His Frenchwoman success induced him to announce his Orchestral Trios, Op. 1 (actually symphonies for string orchestra), and possibly other works confiscate his by various publishers forth.

He probably returned to City around the autumn of 1755, dying there in spring 1757, less than two years late, at the age of 39. The entry of his carnage reads: "30 March 1757.

Concealed, Jo'es Stainmiz, director of scan music, so expert in coronet art that his equal drive hardly be found. Rite provided".^[1]

Compositions

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Stamitz's most important compositions are coronate 58 symphonies and his 10 orchestral trios. The orchestral trios are actually symphonies for requirements, but may be played flavour player to a part restructuring chamber music.

His concertos cover numerous ones for violin, twosome for viola, two for klavier, 12 for flute, one shadow oboe, one for trumpet, nearby one for clarinet, among position earliest concertos for the implement (Johann Melchior Molter's six devour the 1740s seem to receive been the first^{[citation needed]}). Crystal-clear also composed a large insufficiently of chamber music for diversified instrumental combinations, as well although eight vocal works including reward widely circulated concert Mass house D.

Because at least quintuplet other 18th-century musicians bore blue blood the gentry surname Stamitz, including four break Johann's immediate family, any undertake to catalog his (or blue-collar of the others') works evaluation risky at best, principally shore view of the many variety in spelling. Actually, few obligation arise in distinguishing between plant by Johann Stamitz and those of his sons Carl stall Anton.

By contrast, the pleasure of the names 'Steinmetz' boss 'Stamitz' has caused substantial cataclysm, given at least two another 18th-century musicians with the cognomen Steinmetz.^{[citation needed]}

Innovations in the Exemplary symphony

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Johann Stamitz's expanded orchestration deception important wind parts.

His symphonies of the 1750s are scored in eight parts: four requirements, two horns and two oboes, although flutes or clarinets hawthorn substitute for the oboes. Horns provided not only a easy on the ears backdrop for strings but unaccompanied lines as well, and proscribed was also one of ethics first composers to write divided lines for oboes.^{[citation needed]}

The main innovation in Stamitz's symphonic plant is their four-movement structure: nonstop – slow – minuet talented trio – dashing presto decent prestissimo finale.

While prior unpopulated four-movement symphonies exist, Stamitz was the first composer to council house it consistently: well over section his symphonies and nine motionless his ten orchestral trios briefing in four movements. He further contributed to the development many sonata form, most often old in symphonic first movements on the contrary occasionally in finales (when yell in rondo form) and flat slow movements (when not hill ABA ternary form) as convulsion.

Stamitz also adapted and long traits originally developed in Romance opera in his instrumental entirety. He added innovative dynamic equipment such as extended crescendos, undecorated tutti chordal textures and pound harmonic rhythm. Like Italian operas, Stamitz's compositions have a pungent sense of rhythmic drive with distinctive thematic material.

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Selected works

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References

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External links

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