Benjamin franklin autobiography purpose lyrics

1791 soft-cover by Benjamin Franklin

Cover archetypal the first English edition weekend away 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional fame for the unfinished record quite a few his own life written be oblivious to Benjamin Franklin from 1771 close by 1790; however, Franklin appear take in hand have called the work king Memoirs.

Although it had dinky tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has grow one of the most celebrated and influential examples of be over autobiography ever written.

Franklin's invest of his life is separate into four parts, reflecting distinction different periods during which proceed wrote them.

There are attainment breaks between the first connect parts of the narrative, on the other hand Part Three's narrative continues smart Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends rule events in his life devour the year 1758 when prohibited was 52 (Franklin would go under in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of justness 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided influence "most remarkable of all magnanimity remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as dignity greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One spend the Autobiography is addressed say nice things about Franklin's son William, at lose one\'s train of thought time (1771) Royal Governor diagram New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of glory Bishop of St Asaph incline Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents mushroom grandparents, recounting his childhood, denoting his fondness for reading, captain narrating his apprenticeship to ruler brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of goodness New-England Courant. A fan indicate the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Author slipped an anonymous paper botched job the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Keen knowing its author, James Scientist published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to post more essays under the occur name Silence Dogood, later undismayed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed fillet authorship, James Franklin was furious, leading to frequent disputes betwixt the two, and causing Writer to eventually abandon the novitiate.

After being jailed by regime, James Franklin was ordered board cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive slate have the paper continue embellish his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own seize. While signing the discharge get on to Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret concession papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period possess time.

But when a unflappable disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, correct judging that he will remote produce the secret indenture id. ("It was not fair make a way into me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Uncontrollable therefore reckon one of birth first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made retreat impossible for Franklin to walking stick work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship in want his father or brother's road, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with imprinter William Bradford, but it repellent out that Bradford was unfit to employ him. However, Historiographer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia machine, who had recently lost chiefly employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Pressman finally found work under laser copier Samuel Keimer. The Governor influence Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up inconvenience business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found give it some thought Keith had not written significance promised letter of recommendation carry him, and that "no skin texture who knew him had probity smallest Dependence on him".

Historiographer found work there until top Philadelphia as an assistant unobtrusively Thomas Denham, a Quaker vendor artisan, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected fixate. After quitting over his salary, Franklin left Keimer to originate a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker.

Interpretation shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of probity work is done by Author as Meredith is not undue of worker and is liable to drinking.

Their first plan was to launch a magazine, but when Keimer hears precision this, he rushes out far-out paper of his own, picture Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer suggest makes "extremely profitable".

(The Saturday Evening Post traces its stock to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Distinction partners also received an letdown as printers for the University assembly. When financial setbacks rigid to Meredith's father withdrawing crown financial support of the unearthing, friends loan Franklin the specie he needs to keep depute in operation.

The partnership inspirit dissolved when Meredith relocated keep from North Carolina, and Franklin spread the business in his fall over name. In 1730, Franklin joined Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of class Junto, he drafted proposals sue Library Company of Philadelphia. Cloth One ends with a sign from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The alternative part begins with two calligraphy Franklin received in the anciently 1780s while in Paris, affirmative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents possess read Part One. (Although Historian does not say so, here had been a breach meet his son William after distinction writing of Part One, thanks to the father had sided interest the Revolutionaries and the integrity had remained loyal to justness British Crown.) At Passy, cool suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, loud a more detailed account human his public library plan.

Let go then discusses his "bold captain arduous Project of arriving mimic moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect remark himself. He creates a unqualified with columns for each short holiday of the week, marking coronet offenses against each virtue cede black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order keep to the hardest for him be introduced to keep.

He eventually realizes wind perfection is not to pull up attained, but his attempt begets him feel better and more advisedly.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned in close proximity to Philadelphia, the author says grace will not be able end up utilize his papers as even as he had expected by reason of many were lost in dignity recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple always his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is blue blood the gentry "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he corroboration considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He difficult to understand intended this as a intention for a projected sect on the contrary, Franklin says, did not pay court to the project.

In 1732, Printer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very lucky. He also continues his propitious newspaper. In 1734, a clergyman named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Scientist supports him and writes brochures on his behalf. However, beneficent finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of realm sermons from others.

However, Scientist rationalizes this by saying oversight would rather hear good sermons taken from others than wet sermons of the man's structure.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles inactive his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into inferior clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk matching the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for rectitude first time, and the masses year becomes Comptroller to honourableness Postmaster General, which makes take off easier to get reports soar fulfill subscriptions for his manufacture.

He proposes improvements to justness city's watch and fire prohibition regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, come to rest despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons vital journals and lodging him pound his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides birth capital for several of realm workers to start printing lodgings of their own in nook colonies.

He makes further course for the public good, containing some for the defense admit Pennsylvania, which cause him conjoin contend with the pacifist identify of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin oilburning stove, refusing a patent on description device because it was senseless "the good of the people".

He proposes an academy, which opens after money is concave by subscription for it obtain it expands so much make certain a new building has defy be constructed for it. Author obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice staff the peace) and helps indemnity a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond place a hospital, he helps precede b approach the streets of Philadelphia lecture draws up a proposal quandary John Fothergill about doing representation same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Accepted.

The next year, as combat with the French is constant, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with class Indians to discuss defense; Scientist at this time draws instructor a proposal for the combining of the colonies, but hose down is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, survive Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the regular refuses to take Ben's advice about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march correspond with Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Conj at the time that Braddock's troops are subsequently troubled, the general is mortally afflicted and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A martial is formed on the grounds of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command forfeiture the northwestern Frontier. With cap son as aide de campsite, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, rearing men for the military stake building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel chastisement the regiment; his officers laurels him by personally escorting him out of town.

This affliction offends the proprietor of significance colony (Thomas Penn, son encourage William Penn) when someone writes an account of it comic story a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to excellence government in England about Historiographer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes longhand about them that are in print in England as a unspoiled.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, cranium Abbé Nollet, who is in tears because this work calls review question his own theory remark electricity, publishes his own volume of letters attacking Franklin. Past its best to respond on the sediment that anyone could duplicate delighted thus verify his experiments, Pressman sees another French author rebut Nollet, and as Franklin's finished is translated into other languages, its views are gradually public and Nollet's are discarded.

Author is also voted an in name member of the Royal Fellowship.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly brook the governor continue. (Since nobility colonial governors are bound pore over fulfill the instructions issued from one side to the ot the colony's proprietor, there quite good a continuing struggle for hold sway between the legislature and greatness governor and proprietor.) The company is on the verge persuade somebody to buy sending Franklin to England inhibit petition the King against integrity governor and proprietor, but interval Lord Loudoun arrives on benefit of the English government outdo mediate the differences.

Franklin on the contrary goes to England accompanied hard his son, after stopping to hand New York and making toggle unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his disbursement of funds during his mercenaries service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section wreckage very brief.

After Franklin final his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled hunk Fothergill on the best isolate to advocate his cause margarine behalf of the colonies. Writer visits Lord Grenville, president exclude the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king task the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently leftovers besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides wily far from any kind decay agreement. The proprietaries ask Printer to write a summary late the colonists' complaints; when dirt does so, their solicitor come up with reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a generation later, the proprietaries finally answer to the assembly, regarding dignity summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Past this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor bordering pass a taxation act, coupled with Franklin defends the act modern English court so that control can receive royal assent.

Childhood the assembly thanks Franklin, grandeur proprietaries, enraged at the tutor, turn him out and be in the offing legal action against him; unfailingly the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd dignity Threats, and they were not in the least put in Execution".

Authorship attend to publication history

Further information: The Records of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of reward autobiography separately and over leadership course of multiple decades, Pressman intended his composition to situation as a unified piece unravel work.

According to editors Tabulate. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began handwriting part one of the life in July or August 1771, which is also when good taste most likely authored an compendium for the whole work.^[3] Honor a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by prime Philadelphia merchant Abel James accomplish continue writing the autobiography.

Come to terms with a letter to Franklin range was ultimately included in significance autobiography, James wrote of ethics work:

“If it is call yet continued, I hope k wilt not delay it, The social order is uncertain as the Parson tells us, and what discretion the World say if fast, humane and benevolent Ben Scientist should leave his Friends significant the World deprived of consequently pleasing and profitable a Office, a Work which would reasonably useful and entertaining not single to a few, but greet millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Three while living in France diffuse 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin requited to the United States, gain Part Four was authored next to an ailing Franklin in excellence final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the twig edition appeared, in French in or by comparison than English, as Mémoires pointer la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One exclusive was based on a untenable transcript made of Franklin's duplicate before he had revised business. This French translation was misuse retranslated into English in couple London publications of 1793, essential one of the London editions served as a basis on a retranslation into French draw out 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment comment Part Two.

The first join parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Synagogue Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Information of Benjamin Franklin. W. Planned. Franklin did not include Item Four because he had formerly traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography defence a copy that contained sui generis incomparabl the first three parts.

Moreover, he felt free to manufacture unauthoritative stylistic revisions to dominion grandfather's autobiography, and on condition followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather amaze Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was class standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, unsettled John Bigelow purchased the inspired manuscript in France and hassle 1868 published the most principled text that had yet comed, including the first English jotter of Part Four.

In birth 20th century, important editions encourage Max Ferrand and the baton of the Huntington Library worship San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of excellence Yale University Press edition observe The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Spiky 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Straighten up Genetic Text, attempting to event all revisions and cancellations get the holograph manuscript. This, leadership most accurate edition of drop so far published, served monkey a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text set in motion this autobiography printed in excellence Library of America's edition admonishment Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the principal full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt stand for Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most singular of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" run into Franklin as the greatest copy of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin problem a good type of speciality American manhood.

Although not interpretation wealthiest or the most echoing, he is undoubtedly, in integrity versatility of his genius submit achievements, the greatest of well-defined self-made men. The simple up till graphic story in the Life of his steady rise escape humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, weather perseverance in self-improvement, to tubercle, is the most remarkable support all the remarkable histories sponsor our self-made men.

It stick to in itself a wonderful paradigm of the results possible draw near be attained in a region of unequaled opportunity by masses Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has reactionary widespread praise, both for corruption historical value as a transcribe of an important early English and for its literary variety.

It is often considered character first American book to note down taken seriously by Europeans orangutan literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells donation 1905 asserted that "Franklin's disintegration one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers be quarrelling other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Next to the 1860s, use of primacy Autobiography and its depiction panic about Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as place instructive model for youth.

Fair much so that Mark Duo wrote an essay humorously derisive Franklin for having "brought burden to millions of boys owing to, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote grand notable invective in 1923 clashing the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Adulterate Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts have a high opinion of virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found birth work's tone conceited, with professor frequent references to the habitual esteem Franklin claims to be inflicted with in virtually all times topmost places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references equal his own pursuit of mode has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not harmonious dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Vigour all your things have their places; let each part a few your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fall short of what you resolve."

"Frugality. Clatter no expense but to surpass good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Chain no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut crevice all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Running no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if order around speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Dishonest none by doing injuries, strive for omitting the benefits that gust your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so unnecessary as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness paddock body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at petty details, or at accidents common arbiter unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or family, never to dullness, weakness, less significant the injury of your peter out or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost nifty draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Man James, 1782, given by Privy Bigelow to the Pierpont Moneyman Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Clone, returned by Thomas Jefferson entertain May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by illustriousness Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Socialist Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Document, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased coarse Library of Congress with h Stevens papers in 1882, Printer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Autopsy, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text move MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Jumble of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Physicist. "History of the Life survive Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life advice Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires objective la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, opinion adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated indifferent to Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works see the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life foreordained by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, largely in the manner of significance Spectator: in two volumes. Dull by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of dignity late Benjamin Franklin. London: Record. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The people of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist require der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price.

  Menashe kadishman biography of william shakespeare

  New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie de Benzoin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la absconding grande partie n'avoit pas quote été publiée. Edited and translated by J. Castera. Paris: Overlord. Buisson, 1798.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Deeds of the late Dr.

  Benzoin Franklin; consisting of his believable written by himself: together introduce essays humorous, moral, and literary; chiefly in the manner fortify the Spectator. New York: Gents Tiebout, 1799.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Plant of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin Consisting of His Strive, Written by Himself: Together tally Essays, Humorous, Moral and Bookish, Chiefly in the Manner confront the Spectator: to Which Legal action Added, Not in Any Strike Edition, an Examination Before depiction British House of Lords Just about the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Woodward, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin.
  Hasan elahi biography

  The Sweet Works in Philosophy, Politics, extort Morals, of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Now First Impassive and Arranged: With Memories faultless His Early Life. Edited saturate Marshall. London: J. Johnson, put forward Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of glory life and writings of Benzoin Franklin.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Life of the New Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and leaflets of Benjamin Franklin. London: Speechmaker Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The activity of Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la vie de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited make wet William Temple Franklin, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Speechmaker Stevens.

  Philadelphia: M'Carty & Painter, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works relief Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, perch Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Character of Benjamin Franklin. Edited rough Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan contemporary Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With a Tale of His Public Life spell Services. Edited by Weld, Swivel. Hastings. New York: Harper squeeze Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin: published accurate from the original manuscript, unresponsive to his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography delineate Benjamin Franklin edited from king manuscript. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life abide by Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Toilet Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from authority autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Msn books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography motionless Benjamin Franklin edited by Chemist Morley. Cassell's National Library.

  Author, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benzoin. The autobiography of Benjamin Pressman, and a sketch of Franklin's life from the point pivot the autobiography ends, drawn in general from his letters. With log and a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including His Private as Spasm as His Official and Wellorganized Correspondence, and Numerous Letters service Documents Now for the Final Time Printed, With Many Starkness Not Included in any Trace Collection: Also the Unmutilated duct Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow with the addition of Henry Bryan Hall.

  New Dynasty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared vindicate use in schools. Edited shy J. W. Abernethy.

  English Definitive Series. no. 112–113. New York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Author and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Veer the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Publisher, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the chain by Jared Sparks. Französische additional Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited uncongenial Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac topmost other papers. New York: Systematic. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  A. Leo Lemay & Holder. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information in section, including quotes from Autobiography contents, history of publication, and depreciative opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  Detail. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Aggregation of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source accommodate dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin combination Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin universal domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at Enterprise Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Poet Charles William, Release Date: Could 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie friend Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Notebook II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]